The definition of pain by the “International Association for the Study of Pain” states: “Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage [8]”. Withdrawal of the painful stimulus usually resolves pain promptly. Sometimes however, pain persists in spite of removal of the stimulus and even after healing of the body. Pain can also arise in the absence of any stimulus, disease or injury. Acute pain is considered to last less than thirty days, while chronic pain is of more than six months duration or as “pain that extends beyond the expected period of healing”. There are three different types of pain; nociceptive, neuropathic and central. The current medical treatment of pain or analgesics is directed at various steps of the pain pathways (Figure 1).

Clinically, low level laser therapy (LLLT) can treat nociceptive [9] and neuropathic pain [10], while central pain has not yet been proven to be responsive to LLLT.

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